Support Code Docs

These classes and functions work as a support for the predictions objects, considered the core of the package.

Metrics functions

Metrics computation is contained in standalone functions to ensure usability.

easypred.metrics.accuracy_score(real_values, fitted_values, value_positive=1)

Return a float representing the percent of items which are equal between the real and the fitted values.

Also called: percentage correctly classified

Parameters
  • real_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the true values.

  • fitted_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the predicted values.

  • value_positive (Any, optional) – This argument has no effect and it is ignored by the function. It is present so that all the binary metrics have the same interface. By default is 1.

Returns

Accuracy score

Return type

float

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accuracy_and_precision#In_binary_classification

easypred.metrics.balanced_accuracy_score(real_values, fitted_values, value_positive=1)

Return the float representing the arithmetic mean between recall score and specificity score.

It provides an idea of the goodness of the prediction in unbalanced datasets.

Parameters
  • real_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the true values.

  • fitted_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the predicted values.

  • value_positive (Any, optional) – The value in the data that corresponds to 1 in the boolean logic. It is generally associated with the idea of “positive” or being in the “treatment” group. By default is 1.

Returns

Balanced accuracy score

Return type

float

easypred.metrics.f1_score(real_values, fitted_values, value_positive=0)

Return the harmonic mean of the precision and recall.

It gives an idea of an overall goodness of your precision and recall taken together.

Also called: balanced F-score or F-measure

Parameters
  • real_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the true values.

  • fitted_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the predicted values.

  • value_positive (Any, optional) – The value in the data that corresponds to 1 in the boolean logic. It is generally associated with the idea of “positive” or being in the “treatment” group. By default is 1.

Returns

F1 score

Return type

float

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-score

easypred.metrics.false_negative_rate(real_values, fitted_values, value_positive=1)

Return the ratio between the number of false negatives and the total number of real positives.

It tells the percentage of positives falsely classified as negative.

Parameters
  • real_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the true values.

  • fitted_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the predicted values.

  • value_positive (Any, optional) – The value in the data that corresponds to 1 in the boolean logic. It is generally associated with the idea of “positive” or being in the “treatment” group. By default is 1.

Returns

False negative rate

Return type

float

easypred.metrics.false_positive_rate(real_values, fitted_values, value_positive=1)

Return the ratio between the number of false positives and the total number of real negatives.

It tells the percentage of negatives falsely classified as positive.

Parameters
  • real_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the true values.

  • fitted_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the predicted values.

  • value_positive (Any, optional) – The value in the data that corresponds to 1 in the boolean logic. It is generally associated with the idea of “positive” or being in the “treatment” group. By default is 1.

Returns

False positive rate

Return type

float

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_positive_rate

easypred.metrics.negative_predictive_value(real_values, fitted_values, value_positive=1)

Return the ratio between the number of correctly classified negative and the total number of predicted negative.

It measures how accurate the negative predictions are.

Parameters
  • real_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the true values.

  • fitted_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the predicted values.

  • value_positive (Any, optional) – The value in the data that corresponds to 1 in the boolean logic. It is generally associated with the idea of “positive” or being in the “treatment” group. By default is 1.

Returns

Negative predictive value

Return type

float

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive_and_negative_predictive_values

easypred.metrics.precision_score(real_values, fitted_values, value_positive=1)

Return the ratio between the number of correctly predicted positives and the total number predicted positives.

It measures how accurate the positive predictions are.

Also called: positive predicted value.

Parameters
  • real_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the true values.

  • fitted_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the predicted values.

  • value_positive (Any, optional) – The value in the data that corresponds to 1 in the boolean logic. It is generally associated with the idea of “positive” or being in the “treatment” group. By default is 1.

Returns

Precision score

Return type

float

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive_and_negative_predictive_values

easypred.metrics.recall_score(real_values, fitted_values, value_positive=1)

Return the ratio between the correctly predicted positives and the total number of real positives.

It measures how good the model is in detecting real positives.

Also called: sensitivity, true positive rate, hit rate

Parameters
  • real_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the true values.

  • fitted_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the predicted values.

  • value_positive (Any, optional) – The value in the data that corresponds to 1 in the boolean logic. It is generally associated with the idea of “positive” or being in the “treatment” group. By default is 1.

Returns

Recall score

Return type

float

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_and_specificity#Sensitivity

easypred.metrics.specificity_score(real_values, fitted_values, value_positive=0)

Return the ratio between the correctly predicted negatives and the total number of real negatives.

It measures how good the model is in detecting real negatives.

Also called: selectivity, true negative rate

Parameters
  • real_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the true values.

  • fitted_values (numpy array | pandas series) – Array containing the predicted values.

  • value_positive (Any, optional) – The value in the data that corresponds to 1 in the boolean logic. It is generally associated with the idea of “positive” or being in the “treatment” group. By default is 1.

Returns

Specificity score

Return type

float

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_and_specificity#Specificity